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The effect of expressive and instrumental touch on the behavior states of older adults...
Full Title: The effect of expressive and instrumental touch on the behavior states of older adults with late-stage dementia of the Alzheimer's type and on music therapist's perceived rapport
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of music therapy interventions utilizing two types of touch, expressive touch and instrumental touch, on the behavior states of older adults who have late-stage dementia of the Alzheimer's type. A secondary purpose of this study was to examine the perceived effectiveness of the music therapist when expressive and instrumental touch was employed during music therapy sessions. A within-subject design was used with 9 participants receiving 3 sessions in each of the experimental conditions: no touch, expressive touch, and instrumental touch. Results of a one-way ANOVA revealed that expressive touch was significantly more effective during the initial session in eliciting and maintaining alert behavior states than the instrumental and control conditions; however, there were no significant differences between the experimental and control conditions during the first and second session repetitions. Rapport ratings revealed that the therapist's client rapport was perceived to be significantly higher during both the expressive touch and instrumental touch conditions than during the control condition. These findings have important implications for music therapy practice and the effective use of nonverbal communication.
J Music Ther. 2009 Summer;46(2):132-46. Belgrave M. The Florida State University, FL, USA.
In general, there are three types of mental health disorders with which I am concerned. The first category, and probably most common, involves disorders related to fears, anxieties, trauma, and phobias. These almost always related to learned patterns. Something happened in their mind and body fell to adapt appropriately. The second category is personality disorders. Again, this involves a person's ability to adapt and adjust to the unknown. A personality is normally considered one's beliefs, values, and behaviors. Together these are reflected as patterns. Once something happens that is...
Drinking alcohol in excess can quickly become a strong addiction. While alcohol drinking may have started out as a way of socializing, once it becomes a regular activity a person’s body and brain begin to expect a certain level of consumption. A that point this behavior begins training the body and brain to expect the stimulus. The resulting addiction becomes a medical and mental health problem that affects just about every facet of life.
Other than realizing the physiological problems, when addressing an addiction related to the excessive drinking of alcohol, it is important to remember...
Many mind-body integration advocates really except the relationship between stress and the immune system. However, they often fail to go far enough. Can the mind you use to strengthen the power of the immune system? And, if so, what is the potential for techniques such as guided imagery and hypnosis for the treatment of cancer, AIDS, and other immune-related illnesses.
The immune system is essentially one that identifies pathogens, which is an infectious agent (also known as germs), and reacts accordingly to eliminate the threat. The ability for the various immune system components, such...
